Does science conflict with Scripture? For those willing to investigate, and study the topic, we present this repository of works from scholars and scientists of Christianity.

"I think there's a common assumption that you cannot both be a rigorous, show-me-the-data scientist and a person who believes in a personal God. I would like to say that from my perspective that assumption is incorrect; that, in fact, these two areas are entirely compatible and not only can exist within the same person, but can exist in a very synthetic way, and not in a compartmentalized way. I have no reason to see a discordance between what I know as a scientist who spends all day studying the genome of humans and what I believe as somebody who pays a lot of attention to what the Bible has taught me about God and about Jesus Christ. Those are entirely compatible views.

"Science is the way -- a powerful way, indeed -- to study the natural world. Science is not particularly effective -- in fact, it's rather ineffective -- in making commentary about the supernatural world. Both worlds, for me, are quite real and quite important. They are investigated in different ways. They coexist. They illuminate each other. And it is a great joy to be in a position of being able to bring both of those points of view to bear in any given day of the week. The notion that you have to sort of choose one or the other is a terrible myth that has been put forward, and which many people have bought into without really having a chance to examine the evidence. I came to my faith not, actually, in a circumstance where it was drummed into me as a child, which people tend to assume of any scientist who still has a personal faith in God; but actually by a series of compelling, logical arguments, many of them put forward by C. S. Lewis, that got me to the precipice of saying, 'Faith is actually plausible.' You still have to make that step. You will still have to decide for yourself whether to believe. But you can get very close to that by intellect alone."

--Dr. Francis S. Collins, former Director of the National Human Genome Research Institute at the National Institute of Health in Bethesda, Maryland.

Scotland Yard official. Read about Anderson here.

• The Bible and Modern Criticism; Letters from Professor Huxley, the Duke of Argyll, and Sir Robert Anderson, exhibiting Professor Huxley's retreat from a position he maintained against the Right Hon. W.E. Gladstone in the nineteenth century. London: "The Times" Pub. Co., 1892. 16 pp. Cover title./ "Reprinted from The Times of London, January-February, 1892"./ Reproduction of original in: Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Library, Dalhousie University./ Reproduction: Microfiche./ Ottawa:/ Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions,/ 1980./ 1 microfiche (13 fr.); 11 x 15 cm.
• A Doubter's Doubt about Science and Religion or In Defence: A Plea for the Faith. Third edition. Pickering & Inglis, 1924. 176 pp.
  

German geographer, ethnographer, his main work is his Allgemeiner Handatlas (Leipzig, 1881, final edition 1937), one of the most comprehensive world atlases of all times. The early editions of the Times Atlas of the World 1895-1900) are based on this atlas.

• Die Flutsagen, ethnologisch betrachtet. Braunschweig, F. Vieweg und sohn, 1891. xi, 152 pp. fold. pl. 19 cm. Note(s): "Ubersicht der ursprünglichen und entlehnten oder beeinflussten flutsagen": p. [138]-142. A collection of eighty-eight different flood traditions. Twenty of these have Asiatic origin; five come from Europe; seven were found in Africa; ten in Australia and the South Sea Islands; and forty-six were found among the aborigines of the Americas.

Emeritus Professor of Materials Science at the University of London.

• Teaching the Truth About Evolution.
• Man: Created or Evolved? Word document. Also here.

Philosopher and Franciscan friar.

• Friar Bacon: His Discovery of the Miracles of Art, Nature, and Magick; faithfully translated out of Dr. Dees own copy by T.M. and never before in English. London: Printed for Simon Miller, 1659. [12], 51, [7] pp. PDF file here.
• Opus Maius: Mathematics in the Service of Theology.

Irish bishop. Learn more about Berkeley here.

• The Analyst, or, a discourse addressed to an infidel mathematician. Wherein it is examined whether the object, principles, and inferences of the modern analysis are more distinctly conceived, than religious mysteries. By the author of The Minute philosopher. The second edition London, 1754. 105 pp.

Classics scholar.

• The Archaeology of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Pub. House, [1970]. 192 pp. illus., facsims., maps (part col.), ports. 23 cm. Nelson; Rev. and updated edition, 1984. 186 pages. here.
• The Cities of the New Testament. London: Pickering & Inglis, 1965. 128 pp. illus. (part col.) 22cm. Buy this book here.
• Steve Kumar. "E.M. Blaiklock (1903-1983): tribute to a 20th century apologist". Simon Greenleaf Law Review, n. 3. 1983. pp. 203-206.

Engineer. Learn more about Blick at this entry in the scientists of Christian faith project.

• Evolution and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Author and translator.

• The Art of logike Plainely taught in the English tongue, by M. Blundeuile of Newton Flotman in Norfolke, as well according to the doctrine of Aristotle, as of all other moderne and best accounted authors thereof. A very necessarie booke for all young students in any profession to find out thereby the truth in any doubtfull speech, but specially for such zealous ministers as haue not beene brought vp in any University, and yet are desirous to know how to defend by sound argumentes the true Christian doctrine, against all subtill sophisters, and cauelling schismatikes, [and] how to confute their false sillogismes, [and] captious arguments. London: Imprinted by Iohn Windet, and are to be sold at Paules Wharfe, at the signe of the Crosse Keyes, 1599. [12], 170 pp. British Library.

Educator. Learn more about Bowen here.

• A Treatise on Logic; or, The Laws of pure thought; comprising both the Aristotelic and Hamiltonian analyses of logical forms, and some chapters of applied logic. Second edition. Cambridge [Mass.] Sever and Francis, 1864. xv, 450 pp. diagrs. 20 cm.

  Hume's celebrated argument against the credibility of miracles is a fallacy which results from losing sight of the distinction between Testimony and Authority, between Veracity and Competency. He argues, that it is contrary to all experience that a Law of Nature should be broken, but it is not contrary to experience that human testimony should be false; and therefore we ought to believe that any amount of Testimony is false, in preference to admitting the occurrence of a miracle, as this would be a violation of Law. We answer, that the miraculous character of an event is not a matter of Intuition, but of Inference; hence, it is not to be decided by Testimony, but by Reasoning from the probabilities of the case, the only question being whether, in view of all the circumstances, the Conclusion is competent that the occurrence was supernatural. The Testimony relates only to the happening of the event considered merely as an external phenomenon; the question respecting the nature of this event, whether it is, or is not, a violation of Physical Law, whether it is an effect of this or that Efficient Cause, cannot be determined by Intuition and Testimony, but is a matter for Judgment founded on Reasoning, in view of all the circumstances of the case. If doubtful of our own Competency to form a correct opinion on this point, we may defer to the Authority of another, who is familiar with the kind of Reasoning by which such questions are settled. Now we have abundant evidence from experience, that no event whatever, regarded simply as an external phenomenon, can be so strange and marvellous that sufficient Testimony will not convince us of the reality of its occurrence. To the contemporaries of our Saviour, not even bringing a dead man to life would have appeared so incredible as the transmission of a written message five thousand miles, without error, within a minute of time. Yet this feat has been accomplished by the Magnetic Telegraph. Why do we decide, then, that the raising of Lazarus was, and the transmission of intelligence by telegraph is not, a miracle? Evidently not by Intuition, but by reasoning from the very different circumstances of the two cases. The fact, that the eyes of the blind were opened, or a storm was reduced to a calm, or the dead were raised, is established by Intuition and Testimony, which have established many other facts quite as wonderful; the character of this fact, whether miraculous or not, is to be settled in a very different manner. We say, then, that Hume's argument, which is based exclusively upon an appeal to experience and Testimony, is totally inapplicable to the question respecting the credibility of a miracle. Testimony has nothing to do with the correct inference of a Conclusion from its Premises.

Chemist. Learn more about Boyle at his entry in the scientists of Christian faith project, and here

• The Sceptical Chymist; or, Chymico-physical doubts & paradoxes: touching the experiments whereby vulgar spagirists are wont to endeavour to evince their salt, sulphur and mercury, to be the true principles of things: to which in this edition are subjoyn'd divers experiments and notes about the producibleness of chymical principles. Oxford: Printed by Henry Hall for Ric. Davis and B. Took, 1680. [20], 440, [27], 268 pp. Also here.
• Some Considerations about the reconcileableness of reason and religion, by T.E., a lay-man; to which is annex'd by the publisher, a discourse of Mr. Boyle, about the possibility of the resurrection. London: Printed by T.N. for H. Herringman, 1675. [4], xviii, [2], 126, [6], 39 pp.
• The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle. In six volumes. To which is prefixed The life of the author. A new edition. London, 1772. 1058 pp. Volume 1 of 6.
• The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle. In six volumes. To which is prefixed The life of the author. A new edition. London, 1772. 831 pp. Volume 2 of 6.
• The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle. In six volumes. To which is prefixed The life of the author. A new edition. London, 1772. 831 pp. Volume 2 of 6. Extracts. "THE Bible is indeed amongst books what the diamond is amongst stones, -the preciousest and the sparklingest; the most apt to scatter light, and yet the solidest and the most proper to make impressions.. And as the Word of God is termed a light, so hath it this property of what it is called, that both the plainest rustics may, if they will not wilfully shut their eyes, by the benefit of its light, direct their steps, and the deepest philosophers may be exercised with its abstruser mysteries. For thus, in the Scripture, the ignorant may learn all requisite knowledge, and the most knowing may learn to discern their ignorance. The books of Scripture illustrate and expound each other: as, in the mariner's compass, the needle's extremity, though it seem to point purposely at the north, doth yet at the same time discover both east and west, as distant as they are from it and from each other; so do some texts of Scripture guide us to the intelligence of others, from which they are widely distant in the Bible, and seem so in the sense. I use the Scripture, not as an arsenal to be resorted to only for arms and weapons to defend this party, or to defeat its enemies, but as a matchless temple, where I delight to be to contemplate the beauty, the symmetry, and the magnificence of the structure, and to increase my awe and to excite my devotion to the Deity there preached and adored."

• The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle. In six volumes. To which is prefixed The life of the author. A new edition. London, 1772. 833 pp. Volume 3 of 6.
• The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle. In six volumes. To which is prefixed The life of the author. A new edition. London, 1772. 726 pp. Volume 4 of 6.
• The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle. In six volumes. To which is prefixed The life of the author. A new edition. London, 1772. 765 pp. Volume 5 of 6.
• The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle. In six volumes. To which is prefixed The life of the author. A new edition. London, 1772. 954 pp. Volume 6 of 6.
• The Theological works of the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esq; epitomiz'd. In three volumes. By Richard Boulton, London, 1715. 494 pp. Volume 1 of 3.
• The Theological works of the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esq; epitomiz'd. In three volumes. By Richard Boulton, London, 1715. 463 pp. Volume 2 of 3.
• The Theological works of the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esq; epitomiz'd. In three volumes. By Richard Boulton, London, 1715. 504 pp. Volume 3 of 3

Physician. Pioneer in Reconstructive Surgery for Lepers. Learn more about Brand at his entry in the scientists of Christian faith project.

• Pain. Stauros Notebook, Volume 01 Number 4, Jul/Aug, 1982.
• God's Good Earth -- PDF version
• With Philip Yancey. Healing: What does God promise? Portland, Ore.: Multnomah Press, 1984. 24 pp.; 18 cm. Note(s): Cover title./ "A different version of this material appeared in Christianity Today, 25 November 1983, pp. 14-21."
• With Philip Yancey. Pain: The gift nobody wants. New York: HarperCollins Publishers; [Grand Rapids, Mich.]: Zondervan, 1993.
• With Philip Yancey. Fearfully and wonderfully made. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Pub. House, 1980. Limited preview.
• With Philip Yancey. In his image. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Pub. House, 1984.
• With Philip Yancey. In the Likeness of God: The Dr. Paul Brand Tribute Edition of Fearfully and Wonderfully Made and In His Image. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Pub. House, 2004. 553 pp. Limited preview. "The human body is a likeness of God, its design revealing insights into the church, the 'body of Christ.' For bestselling author Philip Yancey, the late Dr. Paul Brand--the brilliant hand surgeon who devoted his life to the poorest people of India and Louisiana--was also a likeness of God, living the kind of Christian life that exemplified what God must have had in mind. In the Likeness of God combines the complete texts of Fearfully and Wonderfully Made and In His Image--both Gold Medallion Award-winners which together have sold more than half a million copies--into one volume. Also included for the first time are eight beautiful litanies of praise on the human body by Dr. Brand. In Fearfully and Wonderfully Made, Dr. Paul Brand and bestselling writer Philip Yancey explore the wonder of the human body and uncover the eternal statements that God has made in the very structure of our bodies. Their remarkable journey through inner space--the world of cells, systems, and chemistry--points to a still deeper unseen reality of God's work in our lives. In His Image takes up where the first book leaves off. In five sections--Image, Blood, Head, Spirit, and Pain--the authors unlock the remarkable living lessons contained in our physical makeup."
• Janet Walmsley. The Leprosy Mission; A Legend has passed into history Dr Paul Wilson Brand - 1914-2003 Obituary; An Extraordinary, Gifted Orthopaedic Surgeon who Straightened Crooked Hands and Unravelled the Riddle of Leprosy.

English naturalist. Trustee of the British Museum. Learn about Brander here.

• Fossilia hantoniensia collecta, et in Musæo Britannico deposita, a Gustavo Brander .... Londini, 1766 [i.e. 1765]. 58 pp. In Latin. English edition: London, Published by W. Wood, 1829.
  "Various opinions have been entertained concerning the time when and how these bodies (fossils) became deposited. Some there were who conceive that it might have been effected in a wonderfully length of time by a gradual changing and shifting of the seas, etc. But the most common cause assigned is that of the Deluge."

Lord Chancellor of England. Read about Lord Brougham here.

• A Discourse of Natural Theology: Showing the nature of the evidence and the advantages of the study / by Henry Lord Brougham. London: Charles Knight, 1835. vii, 296 pp.
• Lord Brougham on Natural Theology. Review of Brougham's Natural Theology from Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country, v. 12, n. 70, October 1835.
• Paley, William. Natural theology, or, Evidences of the existence and attributes of the Deity: collected from the appearances of nature, with illustrative notes by Henry, Lord Brougham and Sir C. Bell, and an introductory discourse of natural theology by Lord Brougham. To which are added supplementary dissertations and a treatise on animal mechanics by Sir Charles Bell. With numerous woodcuts. London: C. Knight, 1845. 4 volumes illus. Volume 1 of 4. Volume 2 of 4. Volume 3 of 4. Volume 4 of 4.
• Opinions of Lord Brougham on politics, theology, law, science, education, literature, &c. &c.: as exhibited in his parliamentary and legal speeches, and miscellaneous writings. London: H. Colburn, 1837.
• Practical Observations upon the education of the people: Addressed to the working classes and their employers. 18th edition. London, 1825. 36 pp.

Mechanical Engineer. Air Force Colonel. Learn more about Brown at his entry in the scientists of Christian faith project.

• In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood.

Hymn-writer. Learn about Browne here, Singers and songs of the church: being biographical sketches of the hymn, by Josiah Miller.

• The Close of Mr. Browne's Defense of the Religion of Nature: in answer to Christianity as old as the creation. In an address to Christian ministers and the Christian people. By the late Reverend Simon Browne. London: printed for Richard Ford, 1733. [4],56,[4] pp.

American political leader. Read about Bryan here and here.

• Bryan on Belief. Christian Observer, June 19, 1907, p. 8.
  "I do not understand all the mysteries of the Bible, but if we live up to all the things in the Bible we can understand we will be kept so busy that we will not have time to worry over the mysterious. My observation is that the people who are all the time worrying about the mysterious things are mighty little concerned about the plainest things in the Bible, that they could apply with profit to themselves. Living in the midst of mystery, I shall not for that reason refuse to accept a religion that will mould our lives for good."
• Miracles, Atonement, and the Fact of Christ. Christian Observer, November 27, 1907, pp. 5-6.
• In His Image. New York, Chicago: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1922. 266 pp. Also here.
• The Menace of Darwinism. A reissue of chapter four from the author's volume In His Image, together with comments on the importance of its appeal, reasons for its separate publication and an abstract of the remaining chapters.

British vicar and paleontologist, and first Professor of Geology at Oxford University. Geologist. Named the Megalosaurus, before the term "dinosaur" was coined by Owen, and the first person to recognize fossilized dung. Read about Buckland here, here and here.

• Reliquiæ diluvianæ, or observations on the organic remains contained in caves, fissures, and diluvial gravel, and on other geological phenomena : attesting the action of an universal deluge / by William Buckland. London: J. Murray, 1823. vii, 303 pp., 27 leaves of plates: ill., maps ; 28 x 23

Evangelical Anglican pastor. Read about Bugg here.

• Scriptural Geology; or, Geological phenomena, consistent only with the literal interpretation of the Sacred Scriptures, upon the subjects of the creation and Deluge; in answer to an "Essay on the theory of the earth". London, Hatchard and son [etc.] 1826-1827. 2 vol. 23 cm.
• Mr. Bugg on Scriptural And Modern Geology. Christian Observer, Conducted By Members of the Established Church (1802-1842). Boston: May 1828. Vol. 28, Iss. 5; pp. 308-311. With response by Oxoniensis Alter.
• The Philosophy Of Modern Geology. Christian Observer, Conducted By Members of the Established Church (1802-1842). Boston: Jun 1828. Vol. 28, Iss. 6; pp. 367-374.
• Scriptural Geology. Christian Observer, Conducted By Members of the Established Church (1802-1842). Boston: Jul 1828. Vol. 28, Iss. 7; pp. 428-433.

Clergyman. Read more about Bushnell here and here.

• Nature and the Supernatural, as together constituting the one system of God. New York, C. Scribner, 1858. 528 pp. 23 cm

Hungarian botanist. Büttner was appointed professor of medicine and botany in 1756 at the Collegium medico-chirurgicum Berlin. From 1760 to 1768, he was professor of botany and zoology at the University of Göttingen. Read about Büttner here.

• Rudera diluvii testes: i.e. Zeichen und Zeugen der Sündfluth, in Ansehung des itzigen Zustandes unserer Erd- und Wasser-Kugel. Leipzig: J.F. Braunen, 1710. 314, [10] pp., [32] leaves of plates (mostly folded): ill., map; 16 cm. (4to)
• David-Sigismundi Büttners Coralliographia subterranea: Seu Dissertatio de coralliis fossilibus, in specie, de lapide corneo Horn oder gemeinem Feuer-Stein, etc. 1714. 68 pp.

Agricultural science pioneer. Read more about Carver here, and here.

• Raleigh H. (Raleigh Howard) Merritt, From Captivity to Fame, or, The Life of George Washington Carver. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Documenting the American South (Project); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Library. [Chapel Hill, N.C.]: Academic Affairs Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Electronic edition, 2000. Birth and early childhood -- Early schooling and struggles -- Working his way through college ? First twelve years at Tuskegee -- Discovers possibilities of native products -- The Tuskegee Farmers' Conference -- His creative ability -- The Carver School Farm Club -- Still achieving and helping people -- Views and comments -- Supplement: 105 different ways to prepare the peanut for the table -- The sweet potato and various ways to prepare it -- How to make and save money on the farm -- How to raise pigs with little money -- Poultry raising -- The tomato -- The cow pea -- Three delicious meals every day -- 43 ways to save the wild plum crop -- Alfalfa -- The pickling and curing of meat in hot weather.
  
• Gary R. Kremer, editor.George Washington Carver in his Own Words. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1987.

  "I am not interested in science or any thing else that leaves God out of it." p. 131

  "My beloved friend, I do not feel capable of writing a single word of counsel to those dear young people, more than to say that my heart goes out to every one of them, regardless of the fact that I have never seen them and may never do so.
  "I want them to find Jesus, and make Him a daily, hourly, and momently part of themselves.
  "O how I want them to get the fullest measure of happiness and success out of life. I want them to see the Great Creator in the smallest and apparently the most insignificant things about them.
  "How I long for each one to walk and talk with the Great Creator through the things he has created." p. 135.

  "I love to think of nature as unlimited broadcasting stations, through which God speaks to us every hour, if we will only tune in and remain so." p. 143.

• George Washington Carver: His Life & Faith in His Own Words William J. Frederer. Amerisearch (January 2003) "The secret of my success? It is simple. It is found in the Bible. 'In all thy ways acknowledge Him and He shall direct thy paths.'" p. 66.

English geologist and theologian.

• A treatise on the deluge. Containing I. Remarks on the Lord Bishop of Clogher's account of that event. II. A full explanation of the scripture ... . The second edition, considerably enlarged. London, 1768. 437 pp.
  You will find the moose-deer, native of America, buried in Ireland; elephants, natives of Asia and Africa, buried in the midst of England; crocodiles, natives of the Nile, in the heart of Germany; shell-fish, never known in the American seas, together with the entire skeletons of whales, in the most inland regions of England; trees of vast dimensions, with their roots and their tops, and some also with leaves and fruit, at the bottom of mines . . . The pyramids of Egypt are reckoned to be some of the most ancient structures of the world, and yet the stones of which these pyramids consist about with fossil marine shells and coral.
• A Supplement to a book, entituled, A treatise on the deluge.... By A. Catcott. Bristol, 1768. 70 pp.

Modern scientist. Learn more about Chadwick at his entry in the scientists of Christian faith project.

• Abiogenic Origin of the Theory of Life.
• A Modern Framework for Earth Sciences in a Christian Context. 2004.

Mathematician and lecturer. Learn more about Chalmers here and here

• Discourses on the Christian revelation, viewed in connection with the modern astronomy. To which are added, Discourses illustrative of the connection between theology & general science. New York: Robert Carter & Bros., 1855. xiii, 358 pp.; 20 cm.
• On Political economy in connexion with the moral state and moral prospects of society . 2nd American ed. Columbus, Ohio, 1833. 446 pp.
• On the Power, wisdom, and goodness of God, as manifested in the adaptation of external nature, to the moral and intellectual constitution of man. London: William Pickering, 1833. 2 Volumes; 22 cm. Series: Bridgewater treatises on the power, wisdom, and goodness of God, as manifested in the creation; Treatise I.
• On the Miraculous and Internal Evidences of the Christian Revelation. Books I and II. New York: Leavitt, Lord, & Co.; Boston: Crocker and Brewster, 1836. Books III and IV. New York: Robert Carter, 1840. From The Works of Thomas Chalmers.

Published in London, England. Conducted by members of the established Church of England. Merged with: Christian advocate and review to form: Christian observer and advocate.

• Reviews of Paley's Natural Theology and Leslie's Short and Easy Method with the Deists. From The Christian Observer, London edition, v. 2, n. 3. March 1803, pp. 163-169.
• C. E. P.On LaPlace's Algebraical Argument Against Miracles. From The Christian Observer, London edition, October 1838, pp. 617-620. This essay is referenced by Harvard law professor Simon Greenleaf in Testimony of the Evangelists. Editor's note: "There is an able reply to Hume's argument in Dr. Chalmers's Evidences of Christianity, lately reprinted in the third volume of his collected works. It contains some points not included in the reasonings of Campbell, Paley, &c. Mr. Babbage also, in what he calls The Ninth Bridgewater Treatise, has adduced some very striking mathematical arguments to demonstrate that testimony is adequate to the proof of miracles; and that the largest induction which can be made, is not sufficient to shew that a deviation from what are considered the laws of nature may not take place, as in the case of the scriptural miracles of raising the dead to life, however improbable such an event antecedently appeared."
  Extract includes Preface by editor and essay by U. U. S., "On the Credulity of Some Religious Persons," pp. 620-621.

• A Summary of the evidences of natural and revealed religion. 1814. 24 pp.

Modern physicist. Learn more about Clausen at his entry in the scientists of Christian faith project.

• Christianity Aiding the Development of Science.

Scottish divine. Learn about Cockburn in the Dictionary of National Biography, v. 11, by Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee.

• An enquiry into the truth and certainty of the Mosaic deluge. Wherein the arguments of the learned Isaac Vossius, and others, for a topical deluge are examined; and some vulgar errors, relating to that grand catastrophe, are discover'd. London, Printed for C. Hitch and M. Bryson, 1750. xvi, 355, [11] pp. 21 cm.

Boston clergyman. Read more about Colman here.

• Ebenezer Turell.The Life and Character of the Reverend Benjamin Colman, D.D.: late Pastor of a church in Boston New-England, who deceased August 29th 1747. Boston, 1749. 256 pp.
• A Brief dissertation on the three first chapters of Genesis. Giving some of the evident signatures of the inspiration of God in those first pages. Boston, 1735. 65 pp.

Modern apologist. Read more about Colson here.

• "Three Died that Day".
  Through his specifically Christian writings, Lewis used logic to explore the meaning of Christianity. In Mere Christianity--which played a decisive role in my conversion to Christ--Lewis cogently explains in simple language original sin, the transcendent Creator God, and the transforming work of Jesus Christ.
  ... In 1973, in the midst of the Watergate crisis, I visited the home of a friend who read to me from Mere Christianity. In that book, I encountered a formidable intellect and a logical argument that I found utterly persuasive. That night in the driveway of my friend's home I called out to God in a flood of tears and surrendered my life to Christ.
  Since November 1963, the years have diminished both John Kennedy and Aldous Huxley. Later disclosures about Kennedy's habitual immorality have diminished his place in history. Toward the end of his life, Huxley retreated into drugs. He urged his followers, "Ignore death up to the last moment; then, when it can't be ignored any longer, have yourself squirted full of morphia and shuffle off in a coma."
  By contrast, Lewis offered a muscular faith. "In Christ," he said, "a new kind of man appeared; and the new kind of life which began in Him is to be put into us."

  "God," he contended, "cannot give us peace and happiness apart from Himself, because it is not there. There is no such thing."
  Today, because of Lewis, there are millions of readers like me who can attest that they too have found God. And Lewis's influence in the marketplace of ideas spreads daily. Of him it can be truly said: "Now he belongs to the ages."

• "God vs. Darwin".
• "The Problem of Ethics"

American surgeon and writer. Learn about Comstock here.

• Outlines of Geology: intended as a popular treatise on the most interesting parts of the science. Together with an examination of the question, whether the days of creation were indefinite periods. Designed for the use of schools of general readers. Third edition. New York, Robinson, Pratt, & Co., 1836. 384 pp. illus. 18 cm.
• Elements of Geology: Including Fossil Botany and Palaeontology: a Popular Treatise on the Most Interesting Parts of the Science: Designed for the Use of Schools and General Readers. Published by Pratt, Woodford, 1847. 432 pp.
• A History of the Precious Metals, from the Earliest Periods to the Present Time: With Directions for Testing Their Purity, and Statements of Their Comparative Value, Estimated Cost, and Amount at Different Periods; Together with an Account of the Products of Various Mines; a History of the Anglo-Mexican Mining Companies. Published by Belknap and Hamersley, 1849. 222 pp.
• Elements of Chemistry: In which the Recent Discoveries in the Science are Included and Its Doctrines Familiarly Explained: Illustrated by Numerous Engravings and Designed for the Use of Schools and Academies. Published by D. F. Robinson, 1832. 356 pp.
  "The discovery of the laws of definite proportions is one of the most important and wonderful among the great and brilliant achievements of modern chemistry. It is sufficient of itself to convince any reasoning mind, that order and system pervade the universe, and that the minutest atoms of matter, and the vast orbs that move round the heavens are equally under the control of the invariable laws of the creator." --p. 84.

  "And it is earnestly recommended to the pupil, that he should not only regard this subject as one of great importance in a scientific relation, but also, when viewed in a different light, as one that tends directly to impress the mind with the mosfserious conviction, that nothing in nature has been left to chance, but that the Almighty Creator has left a witness of himself, even in the proportions, and arrangement of the atoms of matter. Nothing, perhaps, even the sublimest works of nature, are more calculated to elicit the wonder and astonishment of a reflecting mind, than the fact that substances combine with each other in exact, and definite quantities, and that these quantities or proportions, are the same in relation to the same substance throughout the world, and have been so ever since the creation. This discovery may be considered as a new proof, directed expressly to the present age, that the most minute works of what we call nature, do indeed bear the most indubitable marks of divine agency and design." --p. 114.

Atmospheric chemist. Learn more about Cooke here.

• Religion and Chemistry; or, Proofs of God's plan in the atmosphere and its elements. Ten lectures delivered at the Brooklyn institute, Brooklyn, N.Y., on the Graham foundation. New York: C. Scribner, 1865.

French naturalist. Read about Cuvier here, here, here, hereand at Scientists of the Christian Faith.

• [Discours sur les revolutions. English.] Essay on the theory of the earth. With mineralogical notes, and an account of Cuvier's geological discoveries, by Professor Jameson. To which are now added, Observations on the geology of North America; illustrated by the description of various organic remains, found in that part of the world. By Samuel L. Mitchill. New York, Kirk & Mercein, 1818. xxiii, [1], [25]-43l p. VIII pl. (incl. front.) 22 cm. Also here.

Scientist and philosopher.

• The Harmony Between Christian Faith and Physical Science, A chapter of Christian philosophy. Paterson, N.J.: "Press" Book and Job Print, 1876. 16 pp.

American geologist, minerologist, zoologist. Silliman Professor of Natural History and Geology at Yale College. Awarded the Wollaston Medal by the Geological Society of London in 1874, the Copley Medal by the Royal Society in 1877, and the Clarke Medal by the Royal Society of New South Wales in 1882. Read more about Dana here and here.

• Manual of Geology. Theodore Bliss and Co., Philadelphia, 1863. "The record in the Bible is, therefore, profoundly philosophical in the scheme of creation which it presents. It is both true and divine. It is a declaration of authorship, both of Creation and the Bible, on the first page of the sacred volume.

  "There can be no real conflict between the two Books [Old and New Testament] of the GREAT AUTHOR. Both are revelations made by Him to man, -- the earlier telling of God-made harmonies coming up from the deep past, and rising to their height when man appeared, the later teaching man's relations to his Maker, and speaking of loftier harmonies in the eternal future."

• Science and the Bible.

Canadian geologist, palaeontologist, author, educator, publisher, editor and opponent of Darwinism. Principal of McGill University. Read more about Dawson here, here and in the

• The Story of the Earth and Man. Harper, 1887. 411 pp. 1873 edition.
• Fossil men and their modern representatives: an attempt to illustrate the characters and condition of pre-historic men in Europe, by those of the American races. Third edition. Hodder and Stoughton, 1888. 354 pp. Also here.
• The Geological history of plants. D. Appleton & Co., 1892. 294 pp.
  What we have learned respecting this wonderful history has served strangely to change some of our preconceived ideas. "We must now be prepared to admit that an Eden can be planted even in Spitzbergen, that there are possibilities in this old earth of ours which its present condition does not reveal to us; that the present state of the world is by no means the best possible in relation to climate and vegetation; that there have been and might be again conditions which could convert the ice-clad arctic regions into blooming paradises, and which at the same time would moderate the fervent heat of the tropics. We are accustomed to say that nothing is impossible with God; but how little have we known of the gigantic possibilities which lie hidden under some of the most common of his natural laws!
• The Canadian Ice Age: being notes on the pleistocene geology of Canada, with especial reference to the life of the period and its climatal conditions. W.V. Dawson, 1893. 301 pp.
• The Historical deluge in its relation to scientific discovery and to present questions. [London] Religious Tract society [1895]. 56, [8] p. ([8] p. at end advertisements)

Philosopher. Learn more about Descartes here and here

• [Discours de la méthode. English] A Discourse of a method for the well-guiding of reason, and the discovery of truth in the sciences. London: Printed by Thomas Newcombe, for John Holden at the Anchour in the new Exchange, 1649. [10], 127, [1] pp. PDF file.
• [Discours de la méthode. English] The Harvard classics; v. 34, pt. 1. A Discourse of a method for the well-guiding of reason, and the discovery of truth in the sciences. New York: Bartleby.com, 2001, 1909. "This seminal work of the seventeenth-century philosopher would sweep away the accepted truths of the past to create the foundation of modern thought."
• Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason, and Seeking Truth in the Sciences. Sourced from Project Gutenberg.

French physicist, mathematician and philosopher of science. Read about Duhem here, here, and here.

• Peter E. Hodgson. Pierre Duhem: historian of the Christian origin of science. Contemporary Review, Tuesday, March 1, 1994. "The work of Duhem is of great relevance today, for it shows clearly the Christian roots of modern science, thus decisively refuting the alleged incompatibility of science and Christianity still propagated by the secularist establishment. Science is an integral part of Christian culture, a lesson still to be learned even within the Christian Church. From this follows the importance of detailed and accurate scientific studies of many aspects of modern life before any moral judgements are made."
• Le système du monde; histoire des doctrines cosmologiques de Platon à Copernic. Paris, Librairie Scientifique Hermann, 1954-1959. 10 v. diagrs. 25 cm. OCLC: 1105734.
  
  1. La cosmologie hellénique. 1913.
  2. La cosmologie hellénique (suite) L'astronomie latine au Moyen Age. 1913.
  3. L'astronomie latine au Moyen Age (suite). 1913.
  4. L'astronomie latine au Moyen Age (suite) La crue de l'aristotélisme . 1913.
  5. La crue de l'aristotélisme (suite). 1913.
  6. Le reflux de l'aristotélisme; les condamnations de 1277.
  7-9. La physique parisienne au XIVe siècle.
  10. La cosmologie du XVe siècle; écoles et universités au XVe siècle.
  
• Pierre Maurice Marie Duhem, Pierre Duhem, Roger Ariew. Translated by Roger Ariew. Medieval Cosmology: Theories of Infinity, Place, Time, Void, and the Plurality of Worlds. University of Chicago Press, 1987. 642 pp. "These selections from Le système du monde, the classic ten-volume history of the physical sciences written by the great French physicist Pierre Duhem (1861-1916), focus on cosmology, Duhem's greatest interest. By reconsidering the work of such Arab and Christian scholars as Averroes, Avicenna, Gregory of Rimini, Albert of Saxony, Nicole Oresme, Duns Scotus, and William of Occam, Duhem demonstrated the sophistication of medieval science and cosmology."
• Pierre Maurice Marie Duhem, Pierre Duhem, Roger Ariew, Peter Barker. Essays in the History and Philosophy of Science. Hackett Publishing, 1996. 290 pp. Translated by Roger Ariew, Peter Barker. Limited preview. "Here, for the first time in English, are the philosophical essays - including the first statement of the "Duhem Thesis" - that formed the basis for Aim and Structure of Physical Theory, together with new translations of the historiographical essays presenting the equally celebrated "Continuity Thesis" by Pierre Duhem (1861-1916), a founding figure of the history and philosophy of science. Prefaced by an introduction on Duhem's intellectual development and continuing significance, here as well are important subsequent essays in which Duhem elaborated key concepts and critiqued such contemporaries as Henri Poincare and Ernst Mach. Together, these works offer a lively picture of the state of science at the turn of the century while addressing methodological issues that remain at the center of debate today."
• Pierre Maurice Marie Duhem, G. A. Oravas. [L'evolution de la mécanique. English] The Evolution of Mechanics. Springer, 1980. 194 pp. Limited preview.
• [Sozein ta phainomena, essai sur la notion de théorie physique de Platon à Galilée. English.] To Save the phenomena, an essay on the idea of physical theory from Plato to Galileo. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1969. xxvi, 120 pp. 23 cm. Translated from the French by Edmund Doland and Chaninah Maschler. With an introductory essay by Stanley L. Jaki.
• Octave Manville; Jacques Hadamard; A Darbon. L'oeuvre scientifique de Pierre Duhem, professeur de physique théorique à la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université de Bordeaux, membre de l'Institut. Paris: A. Blanchard, 1928. 554 pp., [1] leaf of plates: port.; 25 cm. I. La physique de Pierre Duhem / par Octave Manville -- II. L'oeuvre de Pierre Duhem dans son aspect mathématique / par J. Hadamard -- III. L'histoire des sciences dans l'oeuvre de P. Duhem / par A. Darbon.
• Ernest Brown. The Passion of Pierre Duhem.
• Paul Brouzeng. Duhem, 1861-1916: Science et providence. Paris: Belin, 1987. 187 pp.: ill.; 22 cm. Préface d'Adolphe Pacault.
• Stanley L. Jaki. Uneasy Genius: The Life and work of Pierre Duhem. The Hague; Boston: Nijhoff; Hingham, MA: Distributors for the U.S. and Canada, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1984. xii, 472 pp.: ill.; 25 cm.
• Stanley L. Jaki. Science and Censorship: Hélène Duhem and the publication of the "Système du monde". Bryn Mawr, Pa. Intercollegiate Studies Institute, 1985. 41-49 pp. 26 cm. From The Intercollegiate Review, Winter 1985-86./ Includes bibliographical references.
• R. N. D. Martin. Pierre Duhem: Philosophy and history in the work of a believing physicist. La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1991. xi, 274 pp.; 24 cm. Limited preview.
• Jaime Wisniak. Pierre Maurice Marie Duhem: A Polemical Scientist. The Chemical Educator, Volume 5 Issue 3 (2000) pp 156-161. Published online: 1 June 2000. Abstract. "Pierre Duhem was a multifaceted and prolific scientist active in thermodynamics, physics, history, and philosophy. His rigid and noncompromising attitude, together with deep religious feelings at a time when France was riding a very strong wave of anticlericalism, led to his being unable to teach in Paris and to academic exile in the provinces. He was a prolific writer and he left his name on many equations such as the Gibbs-Duhem and Duhem-Margules equations. We present here a general picture of his life and activities against the political climate in France as well as a discussion of some of his most important contributions to thermodynamics."

Learn more about Edwards in the scientists of Christian faith feature.

• With Wesley Gabel and Floyd E. Hosmer. On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ. JAMA. Chicago: American Medical Association, Vol. 255, no. 11, March 21, 1986. pp. 1455-1463: ill.; 28 cm. Also here.

• The Fundamentals: Higher Criticism and Archaeology. Bible and Interpretation, July 2005. "Indispensable to the conservative case against higher criticism was the 'testimony' of archaeology. Many of the authors of The Fundamentals referred to the extraordinary evidence discovered by archaeologists. The science of archaeology was authenticating God's word and providing conclusive proof that radical critical theories were specious and dishonorable."
• Biblical Interpretation using archeological evidence, 1900-1930. Lewiston: E. Mellen Press, 2002. iii, 300 pp.; 24 cm. Series: Studies in Bible and early Christianity, v. 51; Variation: Studies in the Bible and early Christianity; v. 51.

Professor of Divinity, Free Church College, Aberdeen. Read about Fairbairn here.

• The Typology of Scripture. Second Edition, much enlarged and improved. Philadelphia, 1854.
• British North Review, v. 15. August 1851. The Typology of Scripture, pp. 389-418. Review of this and other science-based works.

Geologist. Read about Fairholme here.

• General view of the geology of Scripture, in which the unerring truth of the inspired narrative of the early events in the world is exhibited, and distinctly proved. London: Ridgway, 1833. xv, 493 pp., [1] bl. l: plates (some folded); (8vo).
• New and conclusive physical demonstrations both of the fact and period of the Mosaic deluge, and of its having been the only event of the kind that has ever occurred upon the earth. London, T. Ridgeway & sons, 1837. 443 pp., illus., map.; 22 cm.
  [Description of the bones at Bigbone Lick]: "That the animals did not perish on the spot, but were carried and deposited by the mighty torrent, which, it is evident, once spread over this country, is probable from the circumstances of marine shells, plants, and fossil substances having been found not only mixed with bones, but adhering to them, and tightly wedged in the cavities of the skull. "Those holes where eyes did once inhabit" were often stopped up by shells or pieces of coral, forcibly crammed into them. . . . Although elephants are too unwieldy to climb the mountains in a wild state, and have never been seen, even on the lowest side of the hills that bound the plain, yet I am assured that their fossil bones are found in the highest elevations that man has attained in Tibet. . . . The bones of many different elephants were brought into contact; and on some oyster shells were matted."
• Positions géologiques, en vérification directe de la chronologie de la Bible. Munich: Impr. G. Franz, 1834. 32 pp.; 17 cm. OCLC: 30946518.
• Miscellaneous papers on geology and other branches of science, published in various periodical works, and now collected together . Positions géologiques en vérification directe de la chronologie de la Bible. 1832-1846. 535 pp.: ill.; 24 cm. Note(s): Title in manuscript./ Volume of articles and mounted clippings from British publications, collected by Fairholme; added, in ms., are his copious notes, a table of contents and pagination. Includes reviews and criticism of his "A general view of the geology of Scripture" (London, 1833) and "New and conclusive physical demonstrations, both of the fact and period of the Mosaic deluge" (London, 1837). OCLC: 77216092. University of Illinois.

Apologist.

• Science in Theology: Sermons preached in St. Mary's, Oxford, before the university. By Adam S. Farrar. Philadelphia, Smith, English & co.; New York, Sheldon & co.; [etc., etc.] 1860. 250 pp. 20 cm.

French diplomatist. Read more about Fenelon here.

• [Demonstration de l'existence de Dieu- English] A Demonstration of the Existence of God: Deduced from the knowledge of nature and more particularly from that of man. 2nd edition. London: Printed for John Murray, 1769. xxiii, 279 pp.; 14 cm. By M. de la Mothe Fenelon, Translated from the French, by Samuel Boyse.

American theologian. Read more about Fisher here and here

• The Grounds of Theistic and Christian Belief. Revised edition, in great part rewritten. New York: C. Scribner's sons, 1913. xxii, 474 pp. 1905 edition.
• Review of The Grounds of Theistic and Christian Belief. New Englander and Yale review. / Volume 43, Issue 178, January 1884. Pages 127-132.
• Life of Benjamin Silliman, M.D., LL.D.: late professor of chemistry, mineralogy, and geology in Yale college: chiefly from his manuscript. Volume 1. New York, 1866. 426 pp. 2 vols.
• Life of Benjamin Silliman, M.D., LL.D.: late professor of chemistry, mineralogy, and geology in Yale college: chiefly from his manuscript. Volume 2 New York, 1866. 420 pp. 2 vols.

Australian Presbyterian minister and aviator who founded the Royal Flying Doctor Service, the world's first air ambulance. Read about Flynn here, here, here.

• Robin James. "For Christ And The Continent."

English admiral. Read more about Gambier here.

• Guide to the Study of Moral Evidence; or of that species of reasoning, which relates to matters of fact and practice. Boston: James Loring, 1834. vii, 246 pp.; 16 cm.

Biochemist.

• The Amazing Story of Creation from Science and the Bible. New Leaf Publishing Group, October 1996. 112 pp. Buy this book here.

Read about Gosse here and here.

• Omphalos; An attempt to untie the geological knot. London, J. Van Voorst, 1857. xiii, [1], 376 pp. illus. 20 cm.

• With Joannes Quirinus. De testaceis fossilibus Musaei Septalliani et Jacobi Grandii de veritate diluvii universalis, et testaceorum, quae procul a Mari reperiuntur generatione epistolae. Venetiis,1676. 76 pp. In Latin. Translation: About the Truth of the Universal Deluge and the Remains Which Are Found At Great Distance From the Sea.

South Carolina judge and pacifist.

• Reflections on the character and objects of all science and literature, and on the relative excellence and value of religious and secular education, and of sacred and classical literature in two addresses and an oration with additions and improvements: with an appendix. New Haven, [Conn.]: H. Howe, 1831. xii, 201 pp.; 18 cm. An address on the character and objects of science: and, especially on the influence of the Reformation on the science and literature, past, present and future, of Protestant nations -- Address on the expediency and duty of adopting the Bible, as the text book of duty and usefulness, in every scheme of education, from the primary school to the university -- Oration on the advantages, to be derived, in a literary point merely, from the introduction of the Bible, as a text book of sacred literature, in every scheme of education, from the primary school to the university -- Appendix. A letter of Thomas S. Grimké, on the study of the Bible -- Address at the dedication of the building in Chalmers Street, designed as a depository for Bibles, tracts and Sunday school books, and for the anniversary celebrations of religious societies. Also here.
  It seems to me that our country has yet to learn one great truth on this subject, that the whole European scheme of education ever has been intimately associated with states of society, forms of government and religious establishments totally inconsistent with ours: that the great object there has been to educate the few, and not the many, to train up the subjects of monarchies, and not the citizens of a republic; in a word, to perpetuate aristocracy even in education. Let us learn then, that education with us, like Society, Government, Religion, must be essentially American, and not European; that it must partake deeply and extensively of the vital spirit of American Institutions; that it must, in order to ensure its durability and usefulness, be adapted to our state of Society, forms of Government and modes of Religion: and that this conformity can never be discovered, much less preserved by any imitation of European plans. With the Bible in one hand, and our own history in the other, we shall be able to judge best, what education our country needs. Literary Education in its highest sense, a sense but little known in this country, is much the same every where; but religious and moral, political and civil education, in a word, for the preparation for practical duty and usefulness, private and public, must be to a great extent, national and local, therefore peculiar. Ours ought to be an education, adapted to our peculiar character, circumstances, and destiny, as a free, educated, peaceful, Christian People. It ought to be eminently adapted to our development and progress, to the improvement and preservation of our institutions, in a word, to the great truth THE PEOPLE GOVERN. Our SCHOOLS are for the education of that PEOPLE, our COLLEGES for the education of the PUBLIC SERVANTS AND PROFESSIONAL AGENTS of that People. But all have one end, one object, THE GOOD OF THE PEOPLE.

British author. "I am a historian of science specialising in the relationship between science and Christianity in the Medieval and Early Modern eras. I took my Masters (2003) from Birkbeck College, University of London and my PhD (2008) in the History and Philosophy of Science at Pembroke College, University of Cambridge. My reviews and articles have been published in the academic journals British Journal of the History of Science, Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliography Society, Science and Christian Belief and Perspectives on Science and Faith." Learn more about Hannam here.

• God's Philosophers: How the Medieval World Laid the Foundations of Modern Science. London: Icon Books, 2009. 342 pages plus index and additional back material.
  • Tom Gilson. Review: God's Philosophers by James Hannam. Posted September 25, 2009. Extract: "This is no simplistic apologetic for Christianity as the root of scientific thinking. Hannam summarizes the church's relationship with natural philosophy as one of 'creative tension.' Nevertheless it's impossible not to notice who led the way in medieval natural philosophy:
    
  • * A mathematician Pope at the turn of the last millennium.
  • * A monk in 1092 who used an astrolabe to construct the lunar calendar.
  • * St. Anselm and Peter Abelard, clerics who elevated the role of reason and logic in philosophy and theology.
  • * Cathedral school scholars who taught that 'God is loving and consistent rather than capricious and arbitrary' paving the way for the study of a consistently operating world of nature.
  • * The universities, products of the Church.
  • * The influential bishop of Paris who condemned certain (not all, especially in view of the work of St. Thomas Aquinas) Aristotelian-based dogmas. It was an act that remains controversial, yet one which clearly opened the door for experimental study, rather than restricting natural philosophy to Aristotle's pure reasoning.
  • * A Polish clergyman, Copernicus, who challenged Aristotelian and Ptolemaic views of the heavens."
• The Myth of the Flat Earth. "Contrary to popular belief, every educated person in the Middle Ages was well aware that the Earth is a sphere and the Church did not suggest otherwise. Here is a look at this myth of alleged Christian dogmatism and how it got started."
• The Mythical Conflict between Science and Religion. "The conflict hypothesis began as part of the reaction against religion in the nineteenth century with the work of John William Draper and Andrew Dickson White. Despite the fact that it is utterly rejected by all practising historians of science, it lives on in the popular imagination and is incredibly hard to kill off. This article examines some common misconceptions and exposes White's errors and omissions."
• Did Christians Eradicate Pagan Learning? "We often here about the alleged Christian destruction of pagan literature. I have examined the original sources and found the accusation of widespread library burning is baseless. However, heretical Christian works, and magical and astrological texts faired as badly under Christians as they had under pagan Emperors."
• A Historical Introduction to the Christ Myth. "This article first compares the idea that Jesus never existed to the theory that Shakespeare did not write his own plays. It then examines the various authors who, over the last century and a half, have tried to sell the idea that Jesus never lived."
• The Emperor Justinian's Closure of the School of Athens. "Almost every popular history of philosophy or science mentions that Justinian closed Plato's academy in 529AD. This is portrayed as the end of ancient science and the start of the "Dark Ages". This article examines the legends about this event and asks what really happened."
• Frequently Asked Questions about the Inquisition. "There can be little doubt that the Inquisition is one of the most notorious institutions in history. While some of that ill fame is warranted, a great number of myths and legends have sprung up about its workings. This FAQ, with a bibliography and references, gives the historical facts about the Inquisition in its various guises."
• The Mysterious Fate of the Great Library of Alexandria. "An awful lot of ink has been splashed around about the destruction of the Great Library. You can blame Christians, Moslems or Julius Caesar depending on your taste. But the only way to find the truth is a careful examination of the original sources. This essay goes over them with a fine-toothed comb and finds that while Christians and Moslems were almost certainly innocent, the Romans just might have a lot to answer for."
• Deconstructing Copernicus. "The great work of Copernicus, his De revolutionibus, is one of the most misunderstood books in history, largely because hardly anyone has actually read it. This essay examines the arguments Copernicus uses and his stated motivations so as to discover exactly what he did achieve and just how important his religious beliefs were in inspiring the conceptual breakthrough of heliocentricism."
• The Decline of Witch Trials in Europe. "The witch craze is one of the most controversial subjects in Christian history and for good reason. It killed far, far more than the Inquisition and is the best example of how religious beliefs can have catastrophic consequences if taken in the wrong direction. This essay tries to debunk some myths about witches and asks how the trials came to an end."
• Science and the Church in the Middle Ages. "Progress in science is often assumed to have ground to a halt during the Middle Ages under a blanket of clerical disapproval. This essay is an overview of the intellectual and social state of science at the time, the Church's generally positive attitude and now science interacted with religion during this period."
• Teaching Natural Philosophy and Mathematics at Oxford and Cambridge 1500 - 1570.
• Some Reading Suggestions for Research on Medieval and Early Modern Universities.

English writer. Read about Harris here.

• Remarks on some late papers relating to the universal deluge, and to the natural history of the earth. London: Printed for R. Wilkin, 1697. [16], 270 pp. "All sober and judicious men are now convinced that the exuviae of sea animals, so plentifully found at this day in the strata of the earth, and in the most hard and solid stone and marble, are the lasting proof of the Deluge itself and of its universality."

Anatomist/neurobiologist. Learn more about Harrub in our scientists of Christian faith feature.

• An Examination of the Medical Evidence for the Physical Death of Christ.
• With Bert Thompson. Investigating Christian Evidences. Montgomery, Ala.: Apologetics Press, 2003. 387 pp.: ill.; 22 cm. OCLC: 57393692.

English divine. Read more about Horsley here.

• The Power of God, deduced from the computable instantaneous productions of it in the solar system. London, 1767. 38 pp.

Geologist. Read more about Howard here.

• The Scriptural history of the earth and of mankind compared with the cosmogonies, chronologies, and original traditions of ancient nations; By Philip Howard. London: printed for R. Faulder, 1797. vi,[2],602,[2]pp.

Plasma physicist, nuclear engineering educator. Head of Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Learn more about Hutchinson in the scientists of Christian faith feature.

• Science: Christian and Natural.
  "I take the position that science and faith are complementary views of the world; that science studies the world insofar as it behaves in regular ways readily investigated using the reductionist methods of the physical sciences, and that theology finds its place along with many other disciplines, in understanding the human, personal, purposeful, and spiritual aspects of the world, which are not describable in reductionist terms."
  "...the question arises, why did modern science grow up almost entirely in the West, where Christian thinking held sway? There were civilizations of comparable stability, prosperity, and in many cases technology, in China, Japan, and India. Why did they not develop science? It is acknowledged that arabic countries around the end of the first millenium were more advanced in mathematics, and their libraries kept safe eventually for Christendom much of the Greek wisdom of the ancients. Why did not their learning blossom into the science we now know? More particularly, if Andrew White's portrait of history, that the church dogmatically opposed all the 'dangerous innovations' of science, and thereby stunted scientific development for hundreds of years, why didn't science rapidly evolve in these other cultures?
  "A case that has been made cogently by Stanley Jaki, amongst others, is that far from being an atmosphere stifling to science, the Christian world view of the West was the fertile cultural and philosophical soil in which science grew and flourished. He argues that it was precisely the theology of Christianity which created that fertile intellectual environment. The teaching that the world is the free but contingent creation of a rational Creator, worthy of study on its own merits because it is 'good', and the belief that because our rationality is in the image of the creator, we are capable of understanding the creation: these are theological encouragements to the work of empirical science. Intermingled with the desire to benefit humankind for Christian charity's sake, and enabled by the printing press to record and communicate results for posterity, the work of science became a force that gathered momentum despite any of the strictures of a threatened religious hierarchy."
• Michael Faraday: Scientist and Nonconformist, MIT Independent Activities Period, "The Faith of Great Scientists," January 14, 1996.
• James Clerk Maxwell and the Christian Proposition, MIT IAP Seminar: "The Faith of Great Scientists," January 1998.

• An Essay toward a natural history of the Bible, especially of some parts which relate to the occasion. London, 1725. 284 pp.
• Moses's ... sine principio: represented by names, by words, by types, by emblems. With an introduction, shewing the nature of body and soul, ... . The third edition, corrected. London, 1748. 535 pp. Vol. 3 of 3.
• Moses's principia. Of the invisible parts of matter; of motion: of visible forms; and of their dissolution, and reformation. With notes. By J. H. ... . The second edition. London, 1736. 114 pp.
• The philosophical and theological works of the late truly learned John Hutchinson. 3rd ed. London: Printed for James Hodges, 1749. 14 v. in 12. Volume 1 of 12. Moses's principia. Part I. Edited by Robert Spearman and Julius Bate. Each volume has a different titlepage describing its own contents and (except vol.8) giving its volume number. Only vol.1 has a collective titlepage, dated 1749. The works in vols. 1-4 are of the third edition and vols.1-3 are dated 1748. A prospectus for this work was published in 1747, as 'proposals for printing by subscription, the philosophical and theological works .. ', and another in 1748. Vol.VII is misnumbered VI, and there are indexes to all 12 vols. in vol.12.
  • Volume 2 of 12. Moses's Principia. Part II. Of the circulation of the heavens. Of the cause of the motion and course of the Earth, Moon. Vol. II. . London, 1749. 611 pp.
  • Volume 3 of 12. Moses's--- Sine Principio: represented -- which were observed by all, believers and apostates, misapply'd by Gentiles, afterwards by Jews. Vol. III. London, 1749. 524 pp.
  • Volume 4 of 12. A new account of the confusion of tongues: and of the infinite benefits design'd and accruing thereby to the succeeding. Vol. IV. London, 1749. 573 pp.
  • Volume 5 of 12. A treatise of power essential and mechanical. Wherein the original, and that part of religion which how is natural, is stated. Vol. V. London, 1749. 322 pp.
  • Volume 6 of 12. Glory or Gravity essential and mechanical. Wherein the objects and articles of the Christian faith, are exhibited; As they were. Vol. VI. London, 1749. 430 pp.
  • Volume 7 of 12. The covenant in the cherubim: so the Hebrew writings perfect. Alterations by Rabbies forged. Vol. VII. London, 1749. 483 pp.
  • Volume 8 of 12. The religion of Satan, or Antichrist delineated. The use of reason recovered by the data in Christianity. pt. 1. Vol. VIII. London, 1749. 508 pp.
  • Volume 9 of 12. The use of reason recovered by the data in Christianity. pt. 2. Vol. IX. London, 1749. 389 pp.
  • Volume 10 of 12. An attempt to explain the oeconomy of the human frame upon the principles of the new philosophy. Vol. X. London, 1749. 306 pp.
  • Volume 11 of 12. Glory or Gravity, the mechanical or second part. Taken from the MSS. Of the late John Hutchinson, esq. mostly from loose papers. Vol. XI. London, 1749. 452 pp.
  • Volume 12 of 12. The state of nature or instincts with a treatise on mining and observations in 1706. Vol. XII. London, 1749. 540 pp.

• The Chronology of creation; or geology and scripture reconciled. 2nd edition. Calcutta, 1860. 1 v. (8vo)

Emeritus Professor of Psychology at the University of St. Andrews, and was formerly President of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, Scotland's National Academy of Science and Letters. He was made Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1992 for his services to science and to psychology in Britain. He established the Department of Psychology at St. Andrews University and his research interests centre around cognitive psychology and neuropsychology.

• Psychology and Christianity. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1976. 177 pp.; 21 cm. Buy this book here.
• Psychologising about God and Religion. Lecture at the Winstanley Lecture Theatre, Trinity College, Cambridge on Tuesday, 28th November 2000.

Biologist. Learn more about Key here.

• The Book of Mormon in Light of Science. 15th edition, extensively revised & enlarged. Marion, OK: Utah Missions, 1997. 92 pp.: ill.; 21 cm. "Extensively revised and enlarged from an article entitled 'A Biologist Examines the Book of Mormon', published in Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation, XXXVII, 2, June 1985."

Old Testament scholar with specialty in Egypt. Read more about Kitchen here.

• Ancient Orient and Old Testament. Chicago/London, Tyndale Press, 1966. xiii, 14-191 pp. 23 cm. This is a prior edition of Kitchen's new book, On the Reliability of the Old Testament.
• On the Reliability of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, Mich.: W.B. Eerdmans, 2006. xxii, 662 pp. : ill., maps; 25 cm. Contents: First things first - What's in question? -- 2. "In medias res" - the era of the Hebrew kingdoms -- 3. Home and away - exile and return -- 4. The empire strikes back - Saul, David, and Solomon -- 5. Humble beginnings - around and in Canaan -- 6. Lotus eating and moving on - Exodus and covenant -- 7. Founding fathers or fleeting phantoms - the patriarchs -- 8. A vitamin supplement - Prophets and prophecy -- 9. Back to Methuselah - and well beyond -- 10. Last things last - a few conclusions.
  Buy this book here.
• The Bible in its World: The Bible and Archaeology Today. Exeter: The Paternoster Press, 1977. Pbk. pp.168.

• Miracle and Science: Bible Methods Examined by the Methods, Rules and Tests of the Science of Jurisprudence as Administered Today in Courts of Justice. Oberlin, Ohio: Bibliotheca Sacra Co., 1909. xiii, 338 p. 20 cm. Also here.

Clergyman. Read about Lathrop here.

• Waiting on God for Rain; A Sermon Preached on a Time of Drought, July 24, 1805. Springfield [Mass.], Brewer, 1805. 16 pp.
• A Sermon containing reflections on the solar eclipse, which appeared on June 16, 1806: Delivered on the Lord's Day following. Springfield, Mass.: Henry Brewer, 1806. 16 pp.
• Sermon Containing Reflections on a Solar Eclipse. Introduction by David Barton.

French theologian. Read more about Le Clerc here

• [Genesis, sive Mosis prophetæ liber primus. English.] Twelve Dissertations out of Monsieur Le Clerk's Genesis, concerning the Hebrew tongue. Manner of interpreting the Bible. Author of the Pentateuch. Temptation of Eve by the Serpent. Flood. Confusion of languages. Original of circumcision. Divine appearances in the Old Testament. Subversion of Sodom. Pillar of salt. Coming of Shiloh. Several obscure texts in Genesis explain'd and illustrated. Done out of Latin by Mr. Brown. To which is added, a dissertation concerning the Israelites passage through the Red Sea, by another hand. London: printed and are to be sold by R. Baldwin, near the Oxford-Arms in Warwick-Lane, 1696. [8], 344 pp.; 8vo.

Clergyman. Learn more about Lee here.

• Natural Theology; or, The existence, attributes and government of God including the obligations and duties of men, demonstrated by arguments drawn from the phenomena of nature. Syracuse, N.Y.: Wesleyan Methodist Pub. House, 1866. 196 pp.

Modern surgeon. Learn more about Lennard from his entry in this list of scientists of Christian faith

• The Distinctive Human Self.

• The Messiah in Moses and the prophets. New York: C. Scribner, 1853. 333 pp.
• The epoch of creation. The Scripture doctrine contrasted with the geological theory. New York, C. Scribner, 1851. 311 pp. 19 cm.

Wesleyan missionary in the Gambia. Translator.

• Geology and geologists; or: Visions of philosophers in the 19th century. 1843. 83 pp.

Yale professor of languages.

• An Oration, on the truth of the Mosaic history of the Creation: delivered at New-Haven, on the public commencement, September, A.D. 1798. / By Ebenezer Grant Marsh. Hartford: Printed by Hudson and Goodwin, 1798. 59, [1] pp.; 24 cm. (8vo)

Journalist. Historian.

• Compiler. Scientists of the Christian Faith: A Presentation of the Pioneers, Practitioners and Supporters of Modern Science. Over 1600 biographical citations.
• Compiler. Scientists of the Christian Faith: From the Era of Galileo. A list of 522 Galileo-era scientists known to be Christians, with links to detailed biographies at the Galileo Project.
• Compiler. Archaeologists of the Christian Faith.

Modern-day keeper of Western Asiatic Antiquities at the British Museum.

• The Bible in the British Museum: interpreting the evidence. New edition. New York: Paulist Press, 2004. 136 pp.: ill., maps; 25 cm.

World-class Christian apologist, philosopher and legal expert. John Warwick Montgomery is Distinguished Research Professor of Philosophy and Christian Thought, Patrick Henry College (Virginia); and Emeritus Professor of Law and Humanities at the University of Luton (England). Professor Montgomery holds ten earned degrees, including the LL.B.; LL.M. from Cardiff University, Wales; the A.B. with distinction in Philosophy (Cornell University; Phi Beta Kappa); B.L.S. and M.A. (University of California at Berkeley); B.D. and S.T.M. (Wittenburg University, Springfield, Ohio); M. Phil. in Law (University of Essex, England); Ph.D. (Univeristy of Chicago), and the Doctorat d'Université from Strasbourg, France. He told Contemporary Authors, "My world-view was hammered out at university; there I became a Christian. . . . Like the late C. S. Lewis (one of my greatest heroes), I was literally dragged kicking and screaming into the Kingdom by the weight of evidence for Christian truth."
Visit The John Warwick Montgomery website and read more about Montgomery here.

• A Critique of Certain Uncritical Assumptions in Modern Historiography.
• Faith Founded on Fact, by John Warwick Montgomery. 240 pages. A provocative and controversial book intended to encourage Christians to make the case for the truthfulness of Christianity based on factual evidence. Included are chapters on "The Place of Reason in Christian Witness", "Science, Theology, and the Miraculous", "How Muslims Do Apologetics", and "Dr. Johnson as Apologist". Contains the most sophisticated refutation available anywhere of the arguments of David Hume and Anthony Flew against miracles in general and the resurrection of Christ in particular. Buy this book here.
• Science, Theology and the Miraculous. An invitation presentation of the Lee College Symposium on the Theological Implications of Science (Cleveland, Tennessee) on March 18, 1977. From the Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation, v. 30, December 1978, pp. 145-153.

Reverend.

• Work-days of God, or, Science and the Bible. New and enlarged edition. Philadelphia: J.C. McCurdy, 1877. 714 pp. ill.; 23 cm.

Systematic Theology, History of Geology, Lecturer/Researcher, Answers in Genesis (USA). Read about Mortenson here.

• British scriptural geologists in the first half of the nineteenth century.
  Part 1. Historical Setting. TJ, 11(2):221-252, 1997.
  • Part 2. Granville Penn (1761-1844). TJ, 11(3):361-374, 1997.
  • Part 3. George Bugg (1769-1851). TJ, 12(2):237-252, 1998.
  • Part 4. Andrew Ure (1778-1857). TJ, 12(3):362-373, 1998.
  • Part 5. Henry Cole (1792?-1858). TJ, 13(1):92-99, 1999.
  • Part 6. Thomas Gisborne (1758-1846). TJ, 14(1):75-80, 2000.
  • Part 7. Rev. Samuel Best (1802-1873). TJ, 16(2):89-94, 2002.

Read about Murray here.

• The Truth of revelation: demonstrated by an appeal to existing monuments, sculptures, gems, coins, and medals. 2d edition. London: W. Smith, 1840. 380 pp., [3] leaves of plates: ill.; 23 cm. 1831 edition.
• With George Young. A Portrait of geology. First work published: London: Relfe and Fletcher, 1838. Second work published: 1838. Third work published: 1840. vii, 216 pp. illus., 2 pl. 21 cm.

Lutheran minister.

• The Creationist Writings of Byron C. Nelson. 1995. 505 pp. Limited preview.

Scientist. Learn more about Newton from his entry in the list of scientists of Christian faith and here -- NOTE: There is some discussion about Newton having heretical beliefs; we leave it to the reader to decide -- one way or the other. See also here.

• Opticks Query 31. London, 1704.
• Murray. Some Account of Sir Isaac Newton. The Panoplist, and Missionary Magazine (1808-1817) Volume 2, n. 2; July 1809; pg. 49-50.
• Sir David Brewster. (1781-1868). Memoirs of the Life, Writings, and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton. Volume 1 of 2. Second edition. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas, 1860. 462 pp. Volume 2 of 2. Edinburgh: Thomas Constable and Co., 1855.
  Although a traditionary belief has long prevailed that Newton was an Arian, yet the Trinitarians claimed him as a friend, while the Socinians, by republishing his Historical Account., &c., under the title of "Sir Isaac Newton on the Trinitarian Corruptions of Scripture," wished it to be believed that he was a supporter of their views. That he was not a Socinian is proved by his avowed belief that our Saviour was the object of " worship among the primitive Christians" and that he was "the Son of God, as well by his Resurrection from the dead, as by his supernatural birth of the Virgin." He animadverts, indeed," as Dr. Henderson observes,
  1 "with great freedom, and sometimes with considerable asperity, on the orthodox; but it does not appear that this arose from any hostility to their views respecting the doctrine of the Trinity, or that it was opposed to any thing beside the unfair mode in which he conceived they had treated one or two passages of Scripture, with a view to the support of that doctrine." Influenced by similar views, and in the absence of all direct evidence, I had no hesitation when writing the Life of Sir Isaac Newton in 1830, in coming to the conclusion that he was a believer in the Trinity;
  2 and in giving this opinion on the creed of so great a man, and so indefatigable a student of Scripture, I was well aware that there are various forms of Trinitarian truth, and various modes of expressing it, which have been received as orthodox in the purest societies of the Christian Church. It may be an ecclesiastical privilege to burrow for heresy among the obscurities of thought, and the ambiguities of language, but in the charity which thinketh no evil, we are bound to believe that our neighbour is not a heretic till the charge against him has been distinctly proved.

  1 The Great Mystery of Godliness, &c., p. 2.
  2 M. Biot had previously arrived at the same opinion. "There is absolutely nothing,' he says, "in the writings of Newton which can justify, or even authorize the conjecture that he was an Antitrinitarian."--Biog. Univ., tom. xxxi, p. 190. [Jean-Baptiste Biot, 1774-1862. Life of Sir Isaac Newton, 1833. 38, [2] pp.; 21 cm.translated from Biographie universelle.]

• Ebenezer Henderson. The Great mystery of godliness incontrovertible: A Critical examination of the various readings in 1 Tim. III. 16. London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1830. 96 pages. Original from Harvard University. Digitized Mar 5, 2007.
• Thomas C. Pfizenmaier. Was Isaac Newton an Arian?. Journal of the History of Ideas, v. 68, n. 1, 1997, pp. 57?80, 1997.

  "Newton was neither 'orthodox'(according to the Athanasian creed) nor an Arian. He believed that both of these groups had wandered into metaphysical speculation. He was convinced that his position was the truly biblical one, in which the Son was affirmed to be the express image of the Father, and that this position was best represented by those Bishops at Nicaea who held the Son to be of the same kind of substance as the Father but not numerically the same. Newton may still be considered heterodox, but in light of the evidence of his theological development he may no longer be considered an Arian, that is to say, a heretic."

Edinburgh: W.P. Kennedy, Quarterly. Began with v. 1 in May 1844; ceased with v. 14 in Jan. 1871.; 53 v.: ill., maps; 23 cm.

• The Social Science: Its History and Prospects. North British Review, volume 15, no. 30. August 1851, pp. 291-330.
• Typical forms: Goethe, Professor Owen, Mr. Fairbairn. North British Review, volume 15, no. 30. August 1851. Review of The Typology of Scripture and other books, pp. 289-418.

• An essay towards a natural history of serpents: in two parts. . I. The first exhibits a general view of serpents, in their various aspects...The second gives a view of most serpents known in the several parts of the world... III. To which is added a third part; containing six dissertations upon the following articles. 1. Upon the primeval serpent in paradise. 2. The fiery serpents that infested the camp of Israel. 3. The brazen serpent erected by Moses. 4. The divine worship given to serpents by the nations. 5. The origin and reason of that monstrous worship. 6. Upon the adoration of different kinds of beasts by the Egyptians ... The whole intermix'd with variety of entertaining digressions, philosophical and historical (1742). Also here.

English divine and philosopher. Learn more about Paley here and here.

• Natural Theology; or, Evidences of the existence and attributes of the Deity, collected from the appearances of nature. Sixth edition. Albany, Printed for Daniel & Samuel Whiting, 1803. viii, [9]-368 pp. 18 cm.
• Natural theology, or, Evidences of the existence and attributes of the Deity: collected from the appearances of nature, with illustrative notes by Henry, Lord Brougham and Sir C. Bell, and an introductory discourse of natural theology by Lord Brougham. To which are added supplementary dissertations and a treatise on animal mechanics by Sir Charles Bell. With numerous woodcuts. London: C. Knight, 1845. 4 volumes illus. Volume 1 of 4. Volume 2 of 4. Volume 3 of 4. Volume 4 of 4.
• n.g. ART. XIV. Natural Theology, or Evidences of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity, collected from the Appearances of Nature. From Annual Review: or, register of literature, v. 1. January 1802, p. 150.
• Henry Lord Brougham. A Discourse of Natural Theology: Showing the nature of the evidence and the advantages of the study / by Henry Lord Brougham. London: Charles Knight, 1835. vii, 296 pp.
• Lord Brougham on Natural Theology. Review of Brougham's Natural Theology from Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country, v. 12, n. 70. October 1835.
• n.g. ART. VIII. Memoirs of William Paley, D. D. . From Quarterly Review, v. 9, n. 18. July 1813. p. 388.
• n.g. ART. I.-The Works of William Paley, D.D., with additional Sermons, &c. &c: and a corrected account of the Life and Writings of the Author. From Quarterly Review, v. 38, n. 76 October 1828. p. 1.
• Reviews of Paley's Natural Theology and Leslie's Short and Easy Method with the Deists. From The Christian Observer, London edition, v. 2, n. 3. March 1803, pp. 163-169.

English physician and paleontologist. Learn more about Parkinson in his entry here, and here. Parkinson's Disease Society biography here.

• Organic Remains of a former world: An Examination of the mineralized remains of the vegetables and animals of the antediluvian world; generally termed extraneous fossils. 2nd edition, 1811. Volume 1 of 3; Volume 1 of 3; Volume 1 of 3.
• Outlines of oryctology: An introduction to the study of fossil organic remains; especially of those found in the British strata: intended to aid the student in his inquiries respecting the nature of fossils, and their connection with the formation of the earth. With illustrative plates. 2nd edition. London: M.A. Nattali, ... Printed by T. Combe, jun. Leicester., 1833. 350 pp.
• An Essay on the shaking palsy. Printed by Whittingham and Rowland for Sherwood, Neely, and Jones, 1817. 66 pp.

Philosopher and scientist. Learn more about Pascal in his entry here, and here

• Pensees: Thoughts on religion and other curious subjects. Written originally in French by Monsieur Pascal. Translated into English by Basil Kennet. The fourth edition. London: printed for R. Ware; and J. and H. Pemberton, 1741. 375,[1] p.

Geologist. Grandson of William Penn of Pennsylvania. Read about Penn here and here and here.

• A Comparative estimate of the mineral and Mosaical geologies. 2d edition. London, Printed for J. Duncan, 1825. 2 v. 22 cm. Volume 1 of 2. Volume 2 of 2.
• Conversations on Geology: Comprising a Familiar Explanation of the Huttonian and Wernian Systems: the Mosaic Geology. Printed for S. Maunder, 1828. 371 pages. Original from the University of Michigan.

Medical writer.

• Letters, philosophical and astronomical, in which the following operations of nature and treated of and explained, ... the creation; the deluge;...... Together with the exact number of days, ... since the creation. ... To which is added, a solar and lunar diagram for A.D. 1786. Plymouth: printed and sold by M. Haydon and Son: sold also by R. Trewman, Exeter; B. Law, R. Faulder, and W. Lowndes, London; Messrs. Prince and Cooke, Oxford; and W. Lunn, Cambridge, 1789. 451 pp.

College head.

• The Use of reason in matters of religion stated and explain'd in a sermon preached before the University of Oxford, at St. Peter's in the East on Sunday, Mar. 7, 1762. Oxford, printed at the Theatre; and sold by J. Fletcher, Oxford; and J. Fletcher, London,1762. 29 pp.

Jurist.

• Inquiries: Elementary and Historical in the Science of Law. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, 1840. viii, 216 pp.; 22 cm.
• Inquiries in the Science of Law. 2d edition enlarged. London: Stevens & Norton, 1847. xiv, 459 pp.; 22 cm.

professor in Theology, Concordia Seminary St. Louis, MO.

• [The Flood. Dutch text.]De Zondvloed In Het Licht Van ee Bijbel, De Geologie en de Archeologie . Dutch translation of the work published in St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1951.

Geologist. Read more about Rhind here.

• The Geology of Scotland and its islands: with a coloured geological map, and numerous sections. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Print., and Pub. Co., 1842. 168 pp.: ill., map (col., fold); 18 cm.
• The Age of the earth considered geologically and historically. Edinburgh, Fraser & Co.; [etc.] 1838. viii, [2], 11-202 pp. illus., IV pl. (1 fold.) 19 cm.

Australian Physical Chemist and Spectroscopist. Read about Dr. Sarfati here. See also Creation Ministries International.

• Works. (Scroll past biography.)

Chemist. Learn more about Schaefer from his entry in this list of scientists of Christian faith.

• Questions Intellectuals Ask About Christianity.

Swiss mathematician and physician. Read about Scheuchzer here.

• Piscium querelae et vindicae. Gessner Edition: 1708. 36 S. zahlr. Ill. English: Complaint and Vindication of the Fishes. Descriptions of fossil fish found in the Alps. In Latin. Also here.

Geologist. Read more about Silliman here.

• Consistency of the discoveries of modern geology, with the sacred history of the creation and the Deluge. London, 1837. 79 pp.
• Outline of the course of geological lectures given in Yale College. New Haven, 1829. 127 pp.
  "Respecting the Deluge, there can be but one opinion: geology fully confirms the Scriptural history of the event . . . Whales, sharks, and other fishes, crocodiles and amphibians, the mammoth and the extinct elephant, the rhinoceros, the hippopotamus, hyenas, tigers, deer, horses, the various species of the bovine family and a multitude more, are found buried in diluvium at a greater or less depth; and in most instances under circumstances indicating that they were buried by the same catastrophe which destroyed them: namely a sudden and violent deluge . . . a skeleton of a whale lay on top of the mountain Sanhorn on the coast of the northern sea. . . . [The mountain] is three thousand feet high and there is no cause that could have conveyed the whale to that elevation except a deluge rising to that height."
• Suggestions relative to the philosophy of geology: as deduced from the facts and to the consistency of both the facts and theory of this science . New Haven, 1839. 120 pp.
• George Park Fisher. Life of Benjamin Silliman, M.D., LL.D.: late professor of chemistry, mineralogy, and geology in Yale college: chiefly from his manuscript. Volume 1. New York, 1866. 426 pp. 2 vols.
• George Park Fisher. Life of Benjamin Silliman, M.D., LL.D.: late professor of chemistry, mineralogy, and geology in Yale college: chiefly from his manuscript. Volume 2. New York, 1866. 420 pp. 2 vols.

Presbyterian minister.

• The Description, use, and excellency of a new instrument, or sea quadrant, invented by Caleb Smith, for taking altitudes of the sun, moon, and and stars, from the visible horizon (as well as any other angular distances at land or sea) without impediment or interruption from the ship's motion : whereby the latitude at sea may be obtained with greater certainty, and more frequently, than by Davi's or any other of the common instruments ... To which is added, an essay to make this quadrant serviceable at sea, as well as land, when there is no horizon to be seen. As also the usefulness of its application to an azimuth compass of a new contrivance for discovering the variation of the magnetic needle, at sea, without any astronomical calculation. London, 1740. 25 pp.

Congregational theologian and Theological Tutor at Homerton College near Hackney, London. Read about Smith here.

• The Relation between the Holy Scriptures and some parts of geological science. From the 4th London edition, greatly enlarged. Philadelphia. R. E. Peterson, 1850. xvi, 400 pp. 22 cm. Text-searchable. Making of America books.
• The Relation between the Holy Scriptures and some parts of geological scienc. 5th edition. London: Jackson and Walford, 1855. xii, 468 pp.; 19 cm. On half-title page: New and uniform edition./ Includes bibliographical references and index. Referenced by Thomas Hartwell Horne in An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, 14th edition, 1877.

Modern apologist.

• C. Michael Patton. R.C. Sproul Turns: He is Now a Six-Day Creationist. Introduction by Patton, plus extract from R.C. Sproul, Truths We Confess: A Layman's guide to the Westminster Confession of Faith, Volume I: The Triune God (Chapters 1-8 of the Confession), P&R Publishing, Phillipsburg, NJ, 2006. "For most of my teaching career, I considered the framework hypothesis to be a possibility. But I have now changed my mind. I now hold to a literal six-day creation, the fourth alternative and the traditional one. Genesis says that God created the universe and everything in it in six twenty-four-hour periods. According to the Reformation hermeneutic, the first option is to follow the plain sense of the text. One must do a great deal of hermeneutical gymnastics to escape the plain meaning of Gen 1-2. The confession makes it a point of faith that God created the world in the space of six days. [emphasis in original, indicating these words are part of the Confession] (pp. 127-128)."

Scientist who discovered the circulation of the blood in the human body and who discovered the law of crystallography known as "the law of constancy of interfacial angles." Read more about Steno here.

• John Garrett Winter, translator. The Prodromus of Nicolaus Steno's dissertation concerning a solid body enclosed by process of nature within a solid. Also here. University of Michigan studies. Humanistic series, vol. XI. Contributions to the history of science. pt. II. The Macmillan Company, 1916. 115 pp.

Physician. Read more about Stroud here.

• The Physical Cause of the Death of Christ: and its relation to the principles and practice of Christianity. New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1871. 422 pp. 21 cm. "Sketch of the author's life, by James Morison, D.D.": p. [3]-6.

Biblical scholar. Read more about Stuart here, here and here.

• William Adams. A Discourse on the life and services of Professor Moses Stuart. New-York: J. F. Trow, printer, 1852. 71 pp. 23 cm. Also here.
• J. L. (John Lee) Comstock, (1789-1858). Outlines of Geology: Intended as a popular treatise on the most interesting parts of the science, together with an examination of the question, whether the days of creation were indefinite periods: designed for the use of schools and general readers. Third edition. New York, Robinson, Pratt, & Co. F.F. Ripley, 1837, ©1834. 384 pp.: ill.; 20 cm.1838 edition. Robinson, Pratt, & Co. 384 pp. 1841 edition.
  Stuart: "The inquiries you make concerning the word yom in Gen. 1, I will briefly answer. It does not signify an indefinite period of time, but always some definite one, when employed, as it is in Gen. 1, in the singular number. It sometimes means a specific day of the week; sometimes to-day, that is, this day; sometimes a specific day, or season of calamity, joy, particular duty, action, suffering, etc. It is only the plural, yamin, which is employed for time in an indefinite way, as, 'in many days to come,' 'days of my life,' &c. But, even here, the plural in most cases is a limited one, -limited by some adjective, numeral, &c.; and yamin signifies, therefore, a limited portion of time; often it stands for a year.
  ... When the sacred writer in Gen. 1 says, the first day, the second day, &c., there can be no possible doubt -none, I mean, for a philologist, let a geologist think as he may - that a definite day of the week is meant, which definite day is designated by the numbers first, second, third, &c. What puts this beyond all question in philology is, that the writer says specifically, The evening and the morning were the first day, the second day, etc. Now, is an evening and a morning a period of some thousands of years? Is it in any sense, when so employed, an indefinite period? The answer is so plain and certain that I need not repeat it.
  "Plain as it is, however, I have never seen a geologist notice it. He has his reasons, no doubt, for this, and one reason also, may be, that he analyzes his rocks and his coal strata, somewhat better than he does Hebrew roots. What have a priori speculations, however, to do with such a matter? If Moses has given us an erroneous account of the creation, so be it. Let it come out; and let us have the whole. But do not let us turn aside his language to get rid of difficulties that we may have in our speculations."
  "When the great Lord of the Sabbath ordained that the seventh day of the week should be kept as holy time, because 'on the seventh day, God rested from all his work, and finished his work in six days,' how, in the name of common sense, did Moses expect, in communicating such a command, that the people of Israel would understand him as meaning a period of 6000 years, for each of the days in which God created? And, if they did so understand him, what reason could this be for the Hebrews to keep holy every seventh day of the week? The whole thing bears on the face of it, the appearance of something monstrous and incredible. No philologist can ever believe it."
  "Then as to the taste of such a conceit. The Creator, 'who spake and it was done; who commanded and it stood fast,' who said 'let there be light, and light was;' this great and glorious Creator - the Almighty God, 36,000 years in making a world!"
  Andover, 5th Feb., 1833.

Author. Read more about Taylor here.

• History of the Transmission of Ancient Books to modern times, together with The Process of Historical Proof; or, A concise account of the means by which the genuineness of ancient literature generally, and authenticity of historical works especially, are ascertained . A New edition, revised and enlarged. Liverpool: E. Howell, 1889. xii, 401 pp. 20 cm. 1875 edition.
• The Process of Historical Proof. London, Printed for B. J. Holdsworth, 1828. viii, 338 pp. 22 cm.
  Thomas Chalmers, Evidence and Authority of the Christian Revelation: "Taylor in his Transmission of Ancient Books to Modern Times," p. 7, says, "Satisfactory evidence in support of the first proposition (the genuineness of the books) will prove that the works in question are not forgeries; and of the second (their authenticity) will show that they are not fictions."
  "Both the book now quoted, and another by the same author on The Process of Historical Proof, are most important accessions to the literature of the argumentative evidence for Christianity. Few writers have exhibited in such bold relief the strength and solidity of the cause."

Pastor of The Broadway Tabernacle in New York City.

• Man in Genesis and in geology: or, The Biblical account of man's creation, tested by scientific theories of his origin and antiquity. New York, S.R. Wells, 1870. viii, [9]-149 pp. 19 cm.

Evangelist and educator.

• R.A. Torrey and A.C. Dixon, editors. The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House Co., Baker Books, 1917. From 1910 to 1916 they were distributed free of charge, primarily to churches in the United States, due to a grant from Milton and Lyman Stewart of Union Oil Company. In 1917 the Bible Institute of Los Angeles reprinted the set in four volumes under the editorship of evangelist R. A. Torrey. (excerpted from Dictionary of Christianity in America)

  G. M. Marsden: The Fundamentals, usually regarded as a signal of the beginning of the organized fundamentalist movement, was one of the sources for the movement's name...The authors of the essays were mostly respected Bible teachers. A few were widely recognized conservative Protestant scholars, such as Benjamin B. Warfield and James Orr of Scotland. Not all the authors were dispensationalist. Rather, they were chosen to present a united conservative 'testimony to the truth' (as the subtitle to the volumes put it).
  Of the ninety articles bound in twelve volumes (bearing no systematic organization), about one-third defend the Bible, usually against higher criticism. Another third are either presentations of basic doctrines or general apologetic works. The rest include personal testimonies, practical applications of Christian teaching, appeals for missions and evangelism, as well as attacks on various '-isms.' Some of the articles had been published previously.
  The essays were generally moderate in tone and a mix of both scholarly and popular interests and styles...The central themes of the volumes...were that conservative evangelical Protestantism could be defended on two major counts. First, its affirmations of miraculous divine interventions--as expressed in fundamental doctrines such as the inspiration of Scripture, the incarnation, the miracles and the resurrection--were fully compatible with modern science and rationality. Second, the testimony of personal experience was also important in confirming Christian belief.
  The Fundamentals represented an early stage in emerging fundamentalism, an alliance of a variety of conservatives alarmed particularly over the spread of false doctrines. After the 1920s fundamentalism generally became more militant. Eventually, when in the 1940s and 1950s the main part of interdenominational fundamentalism broke between "neo-evangelicals" and stricter separatist dispensationalists, that split reflected a tension that had been present in the alliance that The Fundamentals helped forge.

  • H. M. Sydenstricker. The Science of Conversion.
  • Henry H. Beach. The Decadence of Darwinism.
  • George Frederick Wright. The Passing of Evolution.
  • An Occupant of the Pew. Evolutionism in the Pulpit.

Physician. Chemist. Read about Ure here and here and here.

• New system of geology: in which the great revolutions of the Earth and animated nature are reconciled at once to modern science and sacred history / by Andrew Ure ... London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, & Green, 1829. 1 p. l., [ix]-lv, 621, [1] p., VII leaves of plates: ill.; 22 cm.
• The Philosophy of Manufactures: Or, An Exposition of the Scientific, Moral, and Commercial Economy of the Factory System of Great Britain. C. Knight, 1835. 480 pp. Original from Harvard University.

  Pure acts of virtue must be inspired by the love of a transcendent Being, operating, through his counsels and example, on our will and affections. Sentimental theism has no moral force: it appears in the circles of fashion even as the companion and apologist of vice. Where then shall mankind find this transforming power?--in the cross of Christ. It is the sacrifice which removes the guilt of sin: it is the motive which removes the love of sin: it mortifies sin by showing its turpitude to be indelible except by such an awful expiation; it atones for disobedience; it excites to obedience; it purchases strength for obedience; it makes obedience practicable; it makes it acceptable; it makes it in a manner unavoidable, for it constrains to it; it is, finally, not only the motive to obedience, but the pattern of it.

  To these eternal truths what a triumphant testimony is borne in the history of the Prussian schools, as officially detailed by M. [Victor] Cousin, a French philosopher, against whom neither credulity nor fanaticism can be alleged to weaken the impression of his statements.

  "I know Europe pretty well, but I have never seen good schools for the people where Christian zeal was lacking. Elementary instruction flourishes in three countries; Holland, Germany, and Scotland, and in the whole of these it is essentially religious. The same holds true of the United States. In fact, there can be no truly popular education without morals?no morals for the people without religion; no religion without public worship. Christianity must form the basis of popular instruction, a truth which we must not hesitate to proclaim boldly to the French nation, for it is as sound in principle, as it is expedient for the state. Let our schools for the people be Christian in sincerity and zeal.

  "Such silent self-devotion, as that of their masters* [* Masters of the obscure village schools in Prussia], can be inspired and sustained by religion alone. When persons devote themselves to the service of their fellow men, without being known or appreciated, they must have their eyes fixed on Divine Providence. In these modest institutions every thing breathes a Christian spirit, the love of one's neighbour, and regard to the poor. Under such a benign influence, minute regulations may be dispensed with; for the constant aim of the directors is to improve the heart and entertain the mind simultaneously. Let true Christian spirit pervade similar establishments in France; and it will excite masters and scholars to consecrate their labours to the children of the poor, out of love to their Saviour."

Logician and philosopher. Read more about Venn here.

• The Logic of Chance. 1876.

Clergyman. Read more about Walker here.

• God Revealed in the Process of Creation: and by the manifestation of Jesus Christ, including an examination of the development theory contained in the "Vestiges of the natural history of creation". Boston, New York: Gould and Lincoln, Sheldon, Lamport & Blakeman, 1855.

Anglican Archbishop of Dublin. Expert in logic and rhetoric. Read more about Whately here. Encyclopedia Britannica, 1911 edition: "While he was at St Alban Hall (1826) the work appeared which is perhaps most closely associated with his name - his treatise on Logic, originally contributed to the Encyclopaedia Metropolitana, in which he raised the study of the subject to a new level. It gave a great impetus to the study of logic throughout Great Britain."

• Elements of logic. Comprising the substance of the article in the Encyclopædia metropolitana: with additions, &c. The only complete American edition, from the 8th London edition, revised. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1873. xxvi p., 1 L., [29]-396 pp.
• Elements of rhetoric: comprising an analysis of the laws of moral evidence and of persuasion: with rules for argumentative composition and elocution. London: Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, 1873. xvi, 319 pp.

English divine and mathematician. Read more about Whiston here and here

• Works of Flavius Josephus with a life written by himself translated by Whiston. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Christian Classics Ethereal Library, 2000. At CCEL. Antiquities of the Jews -- War of the Jews -- Life of Flavius Josephus, autobiography -- Josephus's Discourse to the Greeks concerning Hades -- Flavius Josephus against Apion.
• A New theory of the earth: from its original, to the consummation of all things. 1708. 547 pp.
• A New theory of the earth: from its original, to the consummation of all things. The sixth edition. London, 1755. 587 pp.

Schoolmaster.

• Archaeological Dictionary; or, Classical Antiquities of the Jews, Greeks, and Romans, Alphabetically Arranged: Containing an Account of their Manners, Customs, Diversions, Religious Rites, Philosophy, Festivals, Oraclse, Laws, Arts, Engines of War, Weights, Measures, Money, Medals, Computation and Division of Time, Chronological Terms, Heresies in the Primitive Church, &c. &c. The second edition, with considerable additions. London: printed for D. Ogilvy, and J. Speare, J. Johnson, J. Wallis, J. Deighton, H. Gardner, B. White and Son, T. Vernor and J. Hood, S. Hayes, and J. Binns, at Leeds, 1793. viii, [486] pp.; 8^(0)

Mineral surveyor.

• Prospectus and proposals for publishing an essay towards a natural history of the mineral Kingdom; in two parts. ... By John Williams mineral ... . [Edinburgh], 1787. 16 pp.
• The Natural history of the mineral kingdom in three parts. ... By John Williams, ... In two volumes. Vol. 1 of 2. Edinburgh, 1789. 519 pp.
• The Natural history of the mineral kingdom in three parts. ... By John Williams, ... In two volumes. Vol. 2 of 2. Edinburgh, 1789. 533 pp.
  Coal has a very obvious and striking appearance of being composed of vegetable substances. I have frequently seen evidently the grain and other characters of wood in several coals . . . the antediluvian [pre-Flood] timber was the original [origin] of coal.
  ... I have already made it pretty evident that the greatest part of the surface of the earth, before the Deluge, was covered with a luxuriant growth of tall timber, that this antediluvian timber is the origin of our pit- coal; and that it was a sufficient and an adequate source of all coals in the world. I am of the opinion that the antediluvian timber floated upon the chaos, or waters of the deluge, until the strata of the highest mountains were formed, with much of the other strata in our sight, and that during the height of the Deluge, and at the time when the greatest part of the strata were forming, the timber was preparing and being fitted for being deposited in strata of coal.
  ... The very part of the globe where a particular part of the stratum was made, began to be dry land before the next tide brought with it the matter which produced that stratum, and so on, stratum super stratum, tide after tide, until all the strata were completed. And perhaps higher and lower, stronger and weaker tides, might have been the cause of thicker and thinner strata.

English naturalist and geologist. Read about Woodward here.

• An Essay toward a natural history of the earth and terrestrial bodies, especially minerals: as also of the sea, rivers, and springs: with an account of the universal deluge: and of the effects that it had upon the earth. 3rd edition, London: A. Bettelsworth and W. Taylor, 1723. Préface, table, 304 p.; In-8°.1723.
• The Natural history of the earth illustrated, enlarged, and defended. London: Printed and sold by Tho. Edlin, 1726. 359 pp. Note(s): Issued in 2 parts. Part 2 has special t.p.: The natural history of the earth illustrated, and inlarged: as also defended, and the objections against it, particularly those lately publish'd by Dr. Camerarius, answered. London, 1726./ Translation of: Naturalis historia telluris. Written originally in Latin; and now first made English by Benj. Holloway; to which are added, physical proofs of the existence of God, his actual incessant concurrence to the support of the universe, and of all organical bodyes, vegetables, and animals, particularly man; with several other papers, on different subjects, never before printed; by John Woodward.
• The natural history of the earth, illustrated, and inlarged: as also defended, and the objections against it, particularly those lately publish'd ... . London, 1726. 178 pp.
• Of the Wisdom of the antient Egyptians, &c. A discourse concerning their arts, their sciences, and their learning; their laws, their government, and their religion, with occasional reflections upon the state of learning among the Jews, and some other nations. London, Printed by W. Bowyer and J. Nichols, 1777. 102 pp., 28 cm.

Church of England clergyman and religious writer.

• The Historical sense of the Mosaic account of the fall, proved and vindicated. By William Worthington. London, printed for Edward Cave, 1751. 133 pp.

Geologist. Theistic evolutionist. Read about Wright here.

• The Logic of Christian Evidences. Andover, W.F. Draper, 1880. xiii, 312 pp. 19 cm.
• Scientific Confirmations of Old Testament History. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1907. xv, 434 pp.: ill., maps; 21 cm.
• Scientific Aspects of Christian Evidences. New York, Appleton, 1898. 362 pp. Limits of scientific thought.--The paradoxes of science.--God and nature.--Darwinism and design.--Mediate miracles.--Beyond reasonable doubt.--Newly discovered external evidences of Christianity.--The testimony of textual criticism.--Internal evidences of the early date of the four gospels.--Positive results of the cumulative evidence. Note(s): "This volume is an elaboration of the Lowell Institute Lectures, delivered in Boston in 1896."--Pref.

Geologist. Read about Young here.

• A Geological survey of the Yorkshire coast: describing the strata and fossils occurring between the Humber and the Tees, from the German Ocean to the Plain of York. Second edition, much improved and enlarged, embellished with more than one hundred new figures. Whitby: Printed at the Office of R. Kirby; sold by him and Longman and Co., London, 1828. iv, 367 pp.: front, ill., xvii col. pl. (1 double) double map, double profile; 29 x 23 cm.
• Scriptural Geology, or, An essay on the high antiquity ascribed to the organic remains imbedded in stratified rocks. London: Simpkin, Marshall and Co., 1838. 78, [2] pp.; 22 cm. With Appendix to Scriptural Geology: or an essay on the high antiquity ascribed to the organic remains imbedded in stratified rocks containing strictures on some passages in Dr. J. Pye Smith's lectures, entitled scripture and geology. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., 1840. 31 pp. (8 vo)
  "It is well known that scarcely any substance decomposes more speedily than fishes; so that when we find fossil fishes in a high state of preservation, we may be sure that the strata containing them were deposited so rapidly as not to allow them time to become putrid, till they were safely encased in their present matrix. Now, the fossil fishes in the carboniferous strata, in the magnesium limestones, in the lias, in the oolite, in the chalk, and in some of the tertiary deposits, are often found in the finest condition, with no part of their structure injured; while we know that fishes left dead on the beach, or on the banks of rivers, begin to decay in a few hours. . . . The proper cause of their fine preservation was their being so suddenly entombed in the strata."
  ... "Thus, the great crocodile in the Whitby Museum has evidently been crushed by the super-incumbent strata; the effect of pressure being visible, both on the head and the body, the bones of the one leg being practically sunk into those of the other. A fine specimen of ichthyosaurus in the Museum gives similar indications of violent pressure, the whole being crushed into a flat mass, and the ribs of the one side pressed across the spine, so as to form an angle with the ribs of the other side. . . . The elegant curvature of the spine shows that it was not the dead carcass of the animal that was embedded in the strata; it was not in the flaccid state of a dead and stranded fish, but must have been suddenly entombed alive; and, writhing in the agonies of death, it has twisted its body into its present handsome shape. . . . Similar instances have been noticed among the fossil fishes of Germany."

Mathematician.

• Three Lectures addressed to the students of Belfast college on some of the advantages of mathematical study; to which is added an examination of Hume's argument against miracles. London, Souter and Law; [etc.] 1846. vi p., 1 l., [5]-88 pp. 18 cm.
• Science Elucidative of Scripture and not antagonistic to it. London: Lockwood & Co., 1863. xiv, 240 pp.; 17 cm.